Abstract
Obesity (2017) 25:527-538. doi:10.1002/oby.21714 In further review of data during continuation of the study, the authors realized certain patients did not meet inclusion criteria. The reanalysis of the new data set, however, did not change our final conclusion. The data was reanalyzed per Institutional Review Board guidelines after removing three subjects who either had BMI > 65 or BMI < 40 (even though they had undergone bariatric surgery). One control subject also needed to be removed from the study. We included a total of 23 subjects (19 study subjects and 4 control subjects) in the study. In the study subjects, 12 had morbid obesity with diabetes (SO+D+) and 7 had morbid obesity without diabetes (SO+D-). The mRNA transcripts and protein expression of triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells (TREM)-1, TREM-2, and TREM-1/TREM-2 ratio were examined in the tissue biopsies (liver, omentum, and subcutaneous fat) and blood samples (neutrophils and monocytes) of subjects with obesity and diabetes (SO+D+; n = 12) and subjects with obesity but not diabetes (SO+D-; n = 7) and were compared with the subjects without obesity (BMI < 30) or diabetes (SO-D-; n = 4). Overall, increased liver TREM-1 expression and soluble-TREM-1 were found in the SO+D+ group compared with the SO+D- group (100% vs. 57.14%; r = 0.567; P = 0.036). TREM-1 was significantly increased in all subjects with obesity and those who had homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance index > 2. In conclusion, TREM-1 was found to be significantly higher in tissue biopsies and blood of subjects with obesity. Greater expression and activity of TREM-1 suggests a possible role in the underlying pathophysiology of obesity and associated comorbidities. Figures 1-5 The only changes were in the number of subjects in the SO+D+ (12) and SO-D- (4) groups, without any difference in the significance between the groups. Table 1 Changes Summary There were changes in SO+D+ (12) and SO-D- (4) groups. The changes in the SO+D+ (12) group include gender (male = 3), mean age (43.36 ± 7.31), BMI 47.54 ± 7.90, HTN (10), hyperlipidemia (5), and sleep apnea (7). However, none of the changes reached statistical significance. TABLE 1 Demographics and comorbid conditions of study population (Table presented.) NS, not significant. Table 2 Changes Summary There were changes in the number of subjects with TREM1 and TREM3 expression and ratio. However, there was no significant difference in the correlation and P value. TABLE 2 Expression of TREM-1, TREM-2, and TREM-1/TREM-2 ratio in subjects with obesity compared with controls (Table presented.) *P < 0.05. NS, not significant. Table 3 Changes Summary Hypertension was not significant in the updated analysis. The rest of the analysis with percentage of TREM1/TREM2 ratio remains 100%. TABLE 3 Association of liver and serum TREM-1/TERM2 ratio with comorbid conditions and biochemical profile of study subjects (Table presented.) *P < 0.05. NS, not significant.