Abstract
Lumbar spinal stenosis (LSS) is a condition in which the spinal canal becomes narrowed from various causes such as degenerative facet arthropathy, disc degeneration, spondylolisthesis, and thickening of the ligamentum flavum [1]. These conditions can occur in combination or as a singular cause of the disease state. The most common manifestation of spinal stenosis is neurogenic claudication. Neurogenic claudication manifests itself as pain in the lower back and extremities, impaired walking, and other forms of disability in the elderly. Lumbar spinal stenosis is the most frequent indication for spinal surgery in those over 65 [2]. As increasing numbers of people in the aging population suffer from the debilitating symptoms of LSS, great interest has focused on minimally invasive treatments. © Springer International Publishing AG, part of Springer Nature 2018. All rights reserved.