Abstract
Whenever a patient is considered for stem cell transplant (SCT), the first decision is to select the most suitable conditioning regimen for the patient. Various radio-chemotherapeutic regimens are available and which components need to be combined and how much aggressive or less intense regimen to be used remains a major concern because the challenge is to reduce the transplant-related mortality and simultaneously to avoid the rejection of the graft or to prevent the relapse of disease. Various factors have to be considered when deciding about the type of conditioning regimens including the disease status, patient’s age, co-morbidities, type of donor, etc.