Abstract
The design of IoT based smart simulation environments to train residents in orthopedic surgery is presented in this paper. The IoT based smart simulation framework consists of two training environments. The first is a VR training environment which has a haptic interface. The second is a Mixed Reality based training environment in which the users can interact with the virtual and the real world objects at the same time. The simulation environments are developed to train residents in the orthopedic surgical process called the LISS (Less Invasive Stabilization System) plating surgery which is used to address fractures of the femur bone. The haptic based simulation environment is also a collaborative environment where students from a remote location can collaboratively learn from a surgeon who is at a different location. The developed simulator framework holds the potential of improving the current training practices andcan help produce a larger pool of well-trained surgeons. The learning interactions completed underscore the potential of such framework in medical education and training.