Abstract
Even the most cursory review of the contemporary bioethical literature reveals that respect for the autonomy of patients has become the leading bioethical principle, easily trumping more traditional principles such as the principles of nonmaleficence and beneficence. This principle has been operationalized most clearly in the patient's right to grant informed consent to proposed medical interventions. Health care providers may not initiate treatment, including palliative treatment, unless the patient has consented. Except in medical emergencies, informed consent is a necessary condition of treatment.