Abstract
Mediastinal masses are a rare but significant condition in children that should be addressed. The mediastinum is divided into anterior, middle, and posterior compartments and can contain a wide variety of pathologies. With the exception of lymphoma, all mediastinal masses are treated primarily with surgery. If a mass has respiratory or cardiovascular symptoms, general anesthesia should be approached very cautiously. Minimally invasive surgery has an important role in the surgical therapy of mediastinal masses and has equivalent survival with shorter hospital stays and less morbidity.