Abstract
Abstract only 7 Background: Pure squamous cell carcinoma of the prostate is a rare entity. Data regarding clinical features, management, and treatment outcomes are limited. As such, management of this cancer has been variable throughout the reported literature, and with limited success. Methods: A systematic review of the literature and secondary data analysis was performed to characterize clinical features, management, and survival outcomes. Results: In total, 47 cases of histologically-confirmed pure squamous cell carcinoma of the prostate were included in analysis. Pure squamous cell carcinoma of the prostate is a disease of older males with mean age at diagnosis of 68.5 years (range 42-85). Urinary obstruction was reported as a presenting symptom in 60% of cases. PSA was usually normal with a mean value of 1.6 (n = 11). The disease was metastatic at diagnosis in 32% of patients among cases that stage was reported (n = 31). The most common sites ( > 30%) of distant metastases are bone and lymph nodes. Metastasis to lung, liver, and brain were 20%, 7%, and 7%, respectively. In terms of management, chemotherapy was given in 28% of cases, radiation in 30%, and prostatectomy in 25.5%. Hormone therapy was rarely attempted (4%). Metastatic disease was associated with a significant decrease in survival when compared to localized disease, p = 0.006. Surgical management was associated with significantly increased survival, p = 0.041. Overall 1-year survival was 32%, while 3-year survival was 9%. Conclusions: Squamous cell carcinoma of the prostate has an aggressive clinical course and is associated with poor prognosis. There is urgent need for early detection and the development of novel treatment options.[Table: see text]