Abstract
Background and Objective: Although laser angioplasty has been demonstrated to be effective for the treatment of long, complex coronary arterial atherosclerotic stenoses, there is an associated risk of acute arterial spasm, dissection, and perforation as well as a significant restenosis rate. It has been postulated that the use of lasers emitting at wavelengths designed for radiation absorption by water would decrease local tissue trauma. Study Design/Materials and Methods: We have examined the use of a Nd:YAG laser designed to emit at 1.44 μm, an absorption peak for water, and compared the results of laser ablation at 1.06 μm, 1.32 μm, and 1.44 μm wavelengths. Nd:YAG laser angioplasty was performed in the abdominal aorta of White Leghorn roosters. Acute and chronic vascular trauma was assessed by contrast angiography and histological analysis. Results: There was a significant decrease in early mortality with 1.44 μm laser ablation. This decreased mortality after 1.44 μm ablation was associated with a decrease in vascular spasm, perforation, and thermal damage. Atherosclerotic plaque development at follow up was decreased with 1.44 μm ablation but this was not significant. Conclusion: 1.44 μm laser ablation decreases early vascular trauma and mortality and may decrease subsequent atherosclerotic plaque development.