Abstract
Support groups can provide members with space to discuss life issues, foster a sense of community, and promote connections with others. For people living with HIV, support groups can improve knowledge and awareness of tools and resources for HIV management, reduce stigma, improve social competence, and overall health. Studies that have connected empowerment and support group structures in populations with HIV have found promising results; however, a dearth of research demonstrates how applying theoretical frameworks can improve understanding of factors that increase empowerment among support group participants. The purpose of this phenomenological study was to apply the Psychological Empowerment Theory among seven HIV support group members to understand: (1) individual beliefs about how their HIV diagnosis affected day-to-day life, (2) efforts that the individual makes to maintain “control” of their life to proactively manage their diagnosis, and (3) their sociopolitical environment, such as their self-assessment of resources and available supports to manage their HIV diagnosis as well as level of involvement in community activities and organizations. Data were analyzed using an interpretive phenomenological analysis approach through which seven themes were identified: fostered relationships within the group, positive self-perception, increased perceived control, safe and secure environment, increased knowledge and social learning, group validated benefits through positive experience, and intention for longer-term commitment to the group. Findings contribute to the positive impact of HIV support groups in enhancing empowerment among its members, especially the critical role that both individual and interpersonal factors play in achieving improved health-related outcomes.