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Fatal west Nile virus encephalitis in a heart transplant recipient
Journal article

Fatal west Nile virus encephalitis in a heart transplant recipient

A. J. Gomez, J. J. Waggoner, M. Itoh, S. A. Hollander, K. M. Gutierrez, I. Budvytiene, N. Banaei and B. A. Pinsky
Journal of clinical microbiology, Vol.53(8)
2015
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1128/JCM.00834-15

Abstract

amphotericin B anticonvulsive agent corticosteroid fluconazole immunoglobulin immunoglobulin M internal transcribed spacer virus RNA adult Article brain death brain disease brain edema brain stem injury case report cerebrospinal fluid analysis confusion congestive cardiomyopathy coordination disorder diarrhea electroencephalography epileptic discharge fatality fever fungus identification graft recipient Gram staining heart transplantation hospital admission human image analysis inflammatory infiltrate lumbar puncture magnetic resonance angiography malaise Malassezia Malassezia restricta male nausea neurologic disease neurologic examination nonhuman nuclear magnetic resonance imaging priority journal reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction RNA analysis virus encephalitis vomiting West Nile virus west nile virus encephalitis young adult adverse effects budding yeast Central Nervous System Fungal Infections cerebrospinal fluid Coinfection complication cytology immunocompromised patient isolation and purification microscopy pathology virology West Nile fever Saccharomycetales Fatal Outcome Humans Immunocompromised Host Transplant Recipients
The diagnosis of encephalitis is particularly challenging in immunocompromised patients. We report here a case of fatal West Nile virus encephalitis confounded by the presence of budding yeast in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) from a patient who had undergone heart transplantation for dilated cardiomyopathy 11 months prior to presentation of neurologic symptoms. Copyright © 2015, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

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