Financial/nonfinancial disclosures: The authors have reported to CHEST the following: J. A. S. reports personal fees from Algernon Pharmaceuticals; AstraZeneca; Attenua, Inc; Bayer AG; BELLUS Health, Inc; Boehringer Ingelheim; Menlo Therapeutics, Inc; Merck & Co, Inc; NeRRe Therapeutics; and Shionogi , Inc. L. M. reports personal fees from Chiesi Farmaceutici , SpA; GlaxoSmithKline plc; Merck & Co, Inc; NeRRe Therapeutics; and Shionogi, Inc; grant support from Merck & Co, Inc; and other support from AstraZeneca; Boehringer Ingelheim; and Chiesi Farmaceutici, SpA. S. B. M. declares personal fees from Merck & Co, Inc, and NeRRe Therapeutics and grant support from Merck & Co, Inc. S. S. B. reports personal fees from Bayer AG; BELLUS Health, Inc; Boehringer Ingelheim; Menlo Therapeutics, Inc; Merck & Co, Inc; NeRRe Therapeutics; Shionogi, Inc; and LCM cough analysis service (to King's College Hospital). None declared (K. K. L., P. W. D., R. S. I.).
Funding Information:
Author contributions: All authors participated in conceiving of the content to be covered in this article, writing specific sections of the first draft, and reading and editing and approving of the final draft that was prepared by K. K. L. L. M. and S. B. M. Financial/nonfinancial disclosures: The authors have reported to CHEST the following: J. A. S. reports personal fees from Algernon Pharmaceuticals; AstraZeneca; Attenua, Inc; Bayer AG; BELLUS Health, Inc; Boehringer Ingelheim; Menlo Therapeutics, Inc; Merck & Co, Inc; NeRRe Therapeutics; and Shionogi, Inc. L. M. reports personal fees from Chiesi Farmaceutici, SpA; GlaxoSmithKline plc; Merck & Co, Inc; NeRRe Therapeutics; and Shionogi, Inc; grant support from Merck & Co, Inc; and other support from AstraZeneca; Boehringer Ingelheim; and Chiesi Farmaceutici, SpA. S. B. M. declares personal fees from Merck & Co, Inc, and NeRRe Therapeutics and grant support from Merck & Co, Inc. S. S. B. reports personal fees from Bayer AG; BELLUS Health, Inc; Boehringer Ingelheim; Menlo Therapeutics, Inc; Merck & Co, Inc; NeRRe Therapeutics; Shionogi, Inc; and LCM cough analysis service (to King's College Hospital). None declared (K. K. L. P. W. D. R. S. I.). ?CHEST Expert Cough Panel Collaborators: Abd Moain Abu Dabrh, MBBCh, MS (Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL), Kenneth W. Altman, MD, PhD (Geisinger Commonwealth School of Medicine, Danville, PA), Alan F. Barker, MD (Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR), Surinder S. Birring, MBChB, MD (Division of Asthma, Allergy and Lung Biology, King's College London, Denmark Hill, London, United Kingdom), Fiona Blackhall, MD, PhD (University of Manchester, Department of Medical Oncology, Manchester, England), Donald C. Bolser, PhD, (College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL), Christopher Brightling, MBBS, PhD, FCCP (University of Leicester, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, United Kingdom), Anne B. Chang, MBBS, PhD, MPH, (Royal Children's Hospital, QLD, Australia), Paul Davenport, PhD (Department of Physiological Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL), Ali A. El Solh, MD, MPH (University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY), Patricio Escalante, MD, MSc, FCCP (Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN), Stephen K. Field, MD (University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada), Dina Fisher, MD, MSc (University of Calgary, Respiratory Medicine, Calgary, AB, Canada), Cynthia T. French, PhD, FCCP (UMass Memorial Medical Center, Worcester, MA), Cameron Grant, MB ChB, PhD (University of Auckland, New Zealand), Susan M. Harding, MD, FCCP, (Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL), Anthony Harnden, MB ChB, MSc (University of Oxford, Oxford, England), Adam T. Hill, MB ChB, MD (Royal Infirmary and University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland), Richard S. Irwin, MD, Master FCCP (UMass Memorial Medical Center, Worcester, MA), Vivek Iyer, MD, MPH Mayo Clinic, Rochester MN), Peter J. Kahrilas, MD (Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL), Joanne Kavanagh, MBChB, (Division of Asthma, Allergy and Lung Biology, King's College London, Denmark Hill, London, United Kingdom), Karina A. Keogh, MD (Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN), Kefang Lai, MD, PhD (First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical College, Guangzhou, China), Andrew P. Lane, MD (Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD), Kaiser Lim, MD (Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN), J. Mark Madison, MD, FCCP (UMass Memorial Medical Center, Worcester, MA), Mark A. Malesker, PharmD, FCCP (Creighton University School of Pharmacy and Health Professions, Omaha, NE), Lorcan McGarvey, MD (The Queens University Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom), M. Hassan Murad, MD, MPH (Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN), Mangala Narasimhan, DO, FCCP (Hofstra-Northwell Health, Manhasset, NY), Peter Newcombe, PhD (School of Psychology University of Queensland, QLD, Australia), John Oppenheimer, MD (UMDNJ-Rutgers University), Bruce Rubin, MEngr, MD, MBA (Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA), Richard J. Russell, MBBS (University of Leicester, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, United Kingdom), Jay H. Ryu, MD, FCCP (Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN), Sonal Singh, MD, MPH (UMass Memorial Medical Center, Worcester, MA), Maeve P. Smith, MB ChB, MD (University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada), Susan M. Tarlo, MBBS, FCCP (Toronto Western Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada), Anne E. Vertigan, PhD, MBA, BAppSc (SpPath) (John Hunter Hospital, NSW, Australia). Other contributions: We thank Nancy Harger, MLS, an education and clinical services librarian working in the University of Massachusetts Medical School Library in Worcester, MA, who undertook all the searches for each section in this article. Information presented was obtained from both animal and human experimental work.