Production of protons and light nuclei in Au +Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 3 GeV with the STAR detector

M. I. Abdulhamid; B. E. Aboona; J. Adam; L. Adamczyk; J. R. Adams; I. Aggarwal; M. M. Aggarwal; Z. Ahammed; E. C. Aschenauer; S. Aslam; J. Atchison; V. Bairathi; J. G. Ball Cap; K. Barish; R. Bellwied; P. Bhagat; A. Bhasin; S. Bhatta; S. R. Bhosale; J. Bielcik; J. Bielcikova; J. D. Brandenburg; C. Broodo; X. Z. Cai; H. Caines; M. Calderón de la Barca Sánchez; D. Cebra; J. Ceska; I. Chakaberia; P. Chaloupka; B. K. Chan; Z. Chang; A. Chatterjee; D. Chen; J. Chen; J. H. Chen; Q. Chen; Z. Chen; J. Cheng; Y. Cheng; W. Christie; X. Chu; H. J. Crawford; M. Csanád; G. Dale-Gau; A. Das; I. M. Deppner; A. Deshpande; A. Dhamija; P. Dixit; X. Dong; J. L. Drachenberg; E. Duckworth; J. C. Dunlop; J. Engelage; G. Eppley; S. Esumi; O. Evdokimov; O. Eyser; R. Fatemi; S. Fazio; C. J. Feng; Y. Feng; E. Finch; Y. Fisyak; F. A. Flor; C. Fu; C. A. Gagliardi; T. Galatyuk; T. Gao; F. Geurts; N. Ghimire; A. Gibson; K. Gopal; X. Gou; D. Grosnick; A. Gupta; W. Guryn; A. Hamed; Y. Han; S. Harabasz; M. D. Harasty; J. W. Harris; H. Harrison-Smith; W. He; X. H. He; Y. He; N. Herrmann; L. Holub; C. Hu; Q. Hu; Y. Hu; H. Huang; H. Z. Huang; S. L. Huang; T. Huang; Y. Huang; T. J. Humanic; M. Isshiki; W. W. Jacobs; A. Jalotra; C. Jena; A. Jentsch; Y. Ji; J. Jia; C. Jin; X. Ju; E. G. Judd; S. Kabana; D. Kalinkin; K. Kang; D. Kapukchyan; K. Kauder; D. Keane; A. Khanal; Y. V. Khyzhniak; D. P. Kikoła; B. Kimelman; D. Kincses; I. Kisel; A. Kiselev; A. G. Knospe; H. S. Ko; J. Kołaś; L. K. Kosarzewski; L. Kumar; M. C. Labonte; R. Lacey; J. M. Landgraf; J. Lauret; A. Lebedev; J. H. Lee; Y. H. Leung; C. Li; D. Li; H-S. Li; H. Li; W. Li; X. Li; Y. Li; Z. Li; X. Liang; Y. Liang; R. Licenik; T. Lin; Y. Lin; M. A. Lisa; C. Liu; G. Liu; H. Liu; L. Liu; T. Liu; X. Liu; Y. Liu; Z. Liu; T. Ljubicic; O. Lomicky; R. S. Longacre; E. M. Loyd; T. Lu; J. Luo; X. F. Luo; L. Ma; R. Ma; Y. G. Ma; N. Magdy; D. Mallick; R. Manikandhan; C. Markert; O. Matonoha; G. McNamara; O. Mezhanska; K. Mi; S. Mioduszewski; B. Mohanty; B. Mondal; M. M. Mondal; I. Mooney; J. Mrazkova; M. I. Nagy; C. J. Naim; A. S. Nain; J. D. Nam; M. Nasim; D. Neff; J. M. Nelson; M. Nie; G. Nigmatkulov; T. Niida; T. Nonaka; G. Odyniec; A. Ogawa; S. Oh; K. Okubo; B. S. Page; S. Pal; A. Pandav; A. Panday; A. K. Pandey; T. Pani; A. Paul; B. Pawlik; D. Pawlowska; C. Perkins; J. Pluta; B. R. Pokhrel; M. Posik; T. L. Protzman; V. Prozorova; N. K. Pruthi; M. Przybycien; J. Putschke; Z. Qin; H. Qiu; C. Racz; S. K. Radhakrishnan; A. Rana; R. L. Ray; R. Reed; C. W. Robertson; M. Robotkova; M. A. Rosales Aguilar; D. Roy; P. Roy Chowdhury; L. Ruan; A. K. Sahoo; N. R. Sahoo; H. Sako; S. Salur; S. Sato; B. C. Schaefer; W. B. Schmidke; N. Schmitz; F-J. Seck; J. Seger; R. Seto; P. Seyboth; N. Shah; P. V. Shanmuganathan; T. Shao; M. Sharma; N. Sharma; R. Sharma; S. R. Sharma; A. I. Sheikh; D. Shen; D. Y. Shen; K. Shen; S. S. Shi; Y. Shi; Q. Y. Shou; F. Si; J. Singh; S. Singha; P. Sinha; M. J. Skoby; N. Smirnov; Y. Söhngen; Y. Song; B. Srivastava; T. D. S. Stanislaus; M. Stefaniak; D. J. Stewart; Y. Su; M. Sumbera; C. Sun; X. Sun; Y. Sun; B. Surrow; M. Svoboda; Z. W. Sweger; A. C. Tamis; A. H. Tang; Z. Tang; T. Tarnowsky; J. H. Thomas; A. R. Timmins; D. Tlusty; T. Todoroki; S. Trentalange; P. Tribedy; S. K. Tripathy; T. Truhlar; B. A. Trzeciak; O. D. Tsai; C. Y. Tsang; Z. Tu; J. Tyler; T. Ullrich; D. G. Underwood; I. Upsal; G. Van Buren; J. Vanek; I. Vassiliev; V. Verkest; F. Videbæk; S. A. Voloshin; G. Wang; J. S. Wang; J. Wang; K. Wang; X. Wang; Y. Wang; Z. Wang; J. C. Webb; P. C. Weidenkaff; G. D. Westfall; D. Wielanek; H. Wieman; G. Wilks; S. W. Wissink; R. Witt; J. Wu; X. Wu; B. Xi; Z. G. Xiao; G. Xie; W. Xie; H. Xu; N. Xu; Q. H. Xu; Y. Xu; Z. Xu; G. Yan; Z. Yan; C. Yang; Q. Yang; S. Yang; Y. Yang; Z. Ye; L. Yi; N. Yu; Y. Yu; H. Zbroszczyk; W. Zha; C. Zhang; D. Zhang; J. Zhang; S. Zhang; W. Zhang; X. Zhang; Y. Zhang; Z. J. Zhang; Z. Zhang; F. Zhao; J. Zhao; M. Zhao; S. Zhou; Y. Zhou; X. Zhu; M. Zurek; M. Zyzak; Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL), Upton, NY (United States)

doi:10.1103/PhysRevC.110.054911

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$Production of protons and light nuclei in Au +Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 3 GeV with the STAR detector$

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Production of protons and light nuclei in Au +Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 3 GeV with the STAR detector

M. I. Abdulhamid, B. E. Aboona, J. Adam, L. Adamczyk, J. R. Adams, I. Aggarwal, M. M. Aggarwal, Z. Ahammed, E. C. Aschenauer, S. Aslam, …

Physical review. C, Vol.110(5)

11/22/2024

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.110.054911

Abstract

NUCLEAR PHYSICS AND RADIATION PHYSICS

Particle & resonance production

Relativistic heavy-ion collisions

We report the systematic measurement of protons and light nuclei production in Au +Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 3 GeV by the STAR experiment at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC). The transverse momentum (𝑝𝑇) spectra of protons (𝑝) , deuterons (𝑑) , tritons (𝑡) , 3He , and 4He have been measured from midrapidity to target rapidity for different collision centralities. We present the rapidity and centrality dependence of particle yields (𝑑⁢𝑁/𝑑⁢𝑦), average transverse momentum (⟨𝑝𝑇⟩), yield ratios (𝑑/𝑝, 𝑡/𝑝, 3He/𝑝, 4He/𝑝), as well as the coalescence parameters (𝐵2,𝐵3). The 4⁢𝜋 yields for various particles are determined by utilizing the measured rapidity distributions, 𝑑⁢𝑁/𝑑⁢𝑦. Furthermore, we present the energy, centrality, and rapidity dependence of the compound yield ratios (𝑁𝑝×𝑁𝑡/𝑁$^{2}_{d}$) and compare them with various model calculations. Furthermore, the physics implications of these results on the production mechanism of light nuclei and the QCD phase structure are discussed.

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Title: Production of protons and light nuclei in Au +Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 3 GeV with the STAR detector
Creators: M. I. Abdulhamid - American University in Cairo
B. E. Aboona - Texas A&M University
J. Adam - Czech Technical University in Prague
L. Adamczyk - AGH University of Krakow
J. R. Adams - The Ohio State University
I. Aggarwal - Panjab University
M. M. Aggarwal - Panjab University
Z. Ahammed - Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre
E. C. Aschenauer - Brookhaven National Laboratory
S. Aslam - Indian Institute of Technology Patna
J. Atchison - Abilene Christian University
V. Bairathi - ALTA
J. G. Ball Cap - University of Houston
K. Barish - University of California System
R. Bellwied - University of Houston
P. Bhagat - University of Jammu
A. Bhasin - University of Jammu
S. Bhatta - State University of New York
S. R. Bhosale - Eötvös Loránd University
J. Bielcik - Czech Technical University in Prague
J. Bielcikova - Czech Academy of Sciences, Nuclear Physics Institute
J. D. Brandenburg - The Ohio State University
C. Broodo - University of Houston
X. Z. Cai - Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics
H. Caines - Yale University
M. Calderón de la Barca Sánchez - University of California
D. Cebra - University of California System
J. Ceska - Czech Technical University in Prague
I. Chakaberia - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
P. Chaloupka - Czech Technical University in Prague
B. K. Chan - University of California, Los Angeles
Z. Chang - Indiana University
A. Chatterjee - National Institute of Technology Durgapur
D. Chen - University of California System
J. Chen - Fudan University
J. H. Chen - Fudan University
Q. Chen - Guangxi Normal University
Z. Chen - Shandong University
J. Cheng - Tsinghua University
Y. Cheng - University of California System
W. Christie - Brookhaven National Laboratory
X. Chu - Brookhaven National Laboratory
H. J. Crawford - University of California System
M. Csanád - Eötvös Loránd University
G. Dale-Gau - University of Illinois Chicago
A. Das - Czech Technical University in Prague
I. M. Deppner - Heidelberg University
A. Deshpande - State University of New York
A. Dhamija - Panjab University
P. Dixit - Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Berhampur
X. Dong - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
J. L. Drachenberg - Abilene Christian University
E. Duckworth - Kent State University
J. C. Dunlop - Brookhaven National Laboratory
J. Engelage - University of California System
G. Eppley - Rice University
S. Esumi - University of Tsukuba
O. Evdokimov - University of Illinois Chicago
O. Eyser - Brookhaven National Laboratory
R. Fatemi - University of Kentucky
S. Fazio - University of Calabria
C. J. Feng - National Cheng Kung University
Y. Feng - Purdue University West Lafayette
E. Finch - Southern Connecticut State University
Y. Fisyak - Brookhaven National Laboratory
F. A. Flor - Yale University
C. Fu - Institute of Modern Physics
C. A. Gagliardi - Texas A&M University
T. Galatyuk - Technical University of Darmstadt
T. Gao - Shandong University
F. Geurts - Rice University
N. Ghimire - Temple College
A. Gibson - Valparaiso University
K. Gopal - Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Tirupati
X. Gou - Shandong University
D. Grosnick - Valparaiso University
A. Gupta - University of Jammu
W. Guryn - Brookhaven National Laboratory
A. Hamed - American University in Cairo
Y. Han - Rice University
S. Harabasz - Technical University of Darmstadt
M. D. Harasty - University of California System
J. W. Harris - Yale University
H. Harrison-Smith - University of Kentucky
W. He - Fudan University
X. H. He - Institute of Modern Physics
Y. He - Shandong University
N. Herrmann - Heidelberg University
L. Holub - Czech Technical University in Prague
C. Hu - University of Chinese Academy of Sciences
Q. Hu - Chinese Academy of Sciences
Y. Hu - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
H. Huang - University of California System
H. Z. Huang - University of California System
S. L. Huang - State University of New York
T. Huang - University of Illinois Chicago
Y. Huang - Central China Normal University
Y. Huang - Central China Normal University
T. J. Humanic - The Ohio State University
M. Isshiki - University of Tsukuba
W. W. Jacobs - Indiana University
A. Jalotra - University of Jammu
C. Jena - Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Tirupati
A. Jentsch - Brookhaven National Laboratory
Y. Ji - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
J. Jia - Brookhaven National Laboratory
C. Jin - Rice University
X. Ju - University of Science and Technology of China
E. G. Judd - University of California System
S. Kabana - ALTA
D. Kalinkin - University of Kentucky
K. Kang - Tsinghua University
D. Kapukchyan - University of California, Riverside
K. Kauder - Brookhaven National Laboratory
D. Keane - Kent State University
A. Khanal - Wayne State University
Y. V. Khyzhniak - The Ohio State University
D. P. Kikoła - Warsaw University of Technology
B. Kimelman - University of California System
D. Kincses - Eötvös Loránd University
I. Kisel - Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies
A. Kiselev - Brookhaven National Laboratory
A. G. Knospe - Lehigh University
H. S. Ko - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
J. Kołaś - Warsaw University of Technology
L. K. Kosarzewski - The Ohio State University
L. Kumar - Panjab University
M. C. Labonte - University of California System
R. Lacey - State University of New York
J. M. Landgraf - Brookhaven National Laboratory
J. Lauret - Brookhaven National Laboratory
A. Lebedev - Brookhaven National Laboratory
J. H. Lee - Brookhaven National Laboratory
Y. H. Leung - Heidelberg University
C. Li - Central China Normal University
D. Li - University of Science and Technology of China
H-S. Li - Wuhan University of Science and Technology
H. Li - Wuhan University of Science and Technology
H. Li - Wuhan University of Science and Technology
W. Li - Rice University
X. Li - University of Science and Technology of China
Y. Li - University of Science and Technology of China
Y. Li - University of Science and Technology of China
Z. Li - University of Science and Technology of China
X. Liang - University of California, Riverside
Y. Liang - Kent State University
R. Licenik - Czech Academy of Sciences, Nuclear Physics Institute
T. Lin - Shandong University
Y. Lin - Guangxi Normal University
M. A. Lisa - The Ohio State University
C. Liu - Institute of Modern Physics
G. Liu - South China Normal University
H. Liu - Central China Normal University
L. Liu - Central China Normal University
T. Liu - Yale University
X. Liu - The Ohio State University
Y. Liu - Texas A&M University
Z. Liu - Central China Normal University
T. Ljubicic - Rice University
O. Lomicky - Czech Technical University in Prague
R. S. Longacre - Brookhaven National Laboratory
E. M. Loyd - University of California System
T. Lu - Institute of Modern Physics
J. Luo - University of Science and Technology of China
X. F. Luo - Central China Normal University
L. Ma - Fudan University
R. Ma - Brookhaven National Laboratory
Y. G. Ma - Fudan University
N. Magdy - State University of New York
D. Mallick - Warsaw University of Technology
R. Manikandhan - University of Houston
C. Markert - The University of Texas at Austin
O. Matonoha - Czech Technical University in Prague
G. McNamara - Wayne State University
O. Mezhanska - Czech Technical University in Prague
K. Mi - Central China Normal University
S. Mioduszewski - Texas A&M University
B. Mohanty - National Institute of Science Education and Research
B. Mondal - National Institute of Science Education and Research
M. M. Mondal - National Institute of Science Education and Research
I. Mooney - Yale University
J. Mrazkova - Czech Academy of Sciences, Nuclear Physics Institute
M. I. Nagy - Eötvös Loránd University
C. J. Naim - State University of New York
A. S. Nain - Panjab University
J. D. Nam - Temple University
M. Nasim - Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Berhampur
D. Neff - University of California, Los Angeles
J. M. Nelson - University of California System
M. Nie - Shandong University
G. Nigmatkulov - University of Illinois Chicago
T. Niida - University of Tsukuba
T. Nonaka - University of Tsukuba
G. Odyniec - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
A. Ogawa - Brookhaven National Laboratory
S. Oh - Sejong University
K. Okubo - University of Tsukuba
B. S. Page - Brookhaven National Laboratory
S. Pal - Czech Technical University in Prague
A. Pandav - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
A. Panday - Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Berhampur
A. K. Pandey - Chinese Academy of Sciences
T. Pani - Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey
A. Paul - University of California, Riverside
B. Pawlik - Institute of Nuclear Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences
D. Pawlowska - Warsaw University of Technology
C. Perkins - University of California, Berkeley
J. Pluta - Warsaw University of Technology
B. R. Pokhrel - Temple College
M. Posik - Temple University
T. L. Protzman - Lehigh University
V. Prozorova - Czech Technical University in Prague
N. K. Pruthi - Panjab University
M. Przybycien - AGH University of Krakow
J. Putschke - Wayne State University
Z. Qin - Tsinghua University
H. Qiu - Institute of Modern Physics
C. Racz - University of California, Riverside
S. K. Radhakrishnan - Kent State University
A. Rana - Panjab University
R. L. Ray - The University of Texas at Austin
R. Reed - Lehigh University
C. W. Robertson - Purdue University West Lafayette
M. Robotkova - Czech Academy of Sciences, Nuclear Physics Institute
M. A. Rosales Aguilar - University of Kentucky
D. Roy - Rutgers Sexual and Reproductive Health and Rights
P. Roy Chowdhury - Warsaw University of Technology
L. Ruan - Brookhaven National Laboratory
A. K. Sahoo - Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Bhopal
N. R. Sahoo - Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Tirupati
H. Sako - University of Tsukuba
S. Salur - Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey
S. Sato - University of Tsukuba
B. C. Schaefer - Lehigh University
W. B. Schmidke - Brookhaven National Laboratory
N. Schmitz - Max Planck Institute for Physics
F-J. Seck - Technical University of Darmstadt
J. Seger - Creighton University
R. Seto - University of California, Riverside
P. Seyboth - Max Planck Institute for Physics
N. Shah - Indian Institute of Technology Patna
P. V. Shanmuganathan - Brookhaven National Laboratory
T. Shao - Fudan University
M. Sharma - University of Jammu
N. Sharma - Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Berhampur
R. Sharma - Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Tirupati
S. R. Sharma - Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Tirupati
A. I. Sheikh - Kent State University
D. Shen - Shandong University
D. Y. Shen - Fudan University
K. Shen - University of Science and Technology of China
S. S. Shi - Central China Normal University
Y. Shi - Shandong University
Q. Y. Shou - Fudan University
F. Si - University of Science and Technology of China
J. Singh - ALTA
S. Singha - Institute of Modern Physics
P. Sinha - Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Tirupati
M. J. Skoby - Ball State University
N. Smirnov - Yale University
Y. Söhngen - Heidelberg University
Y. Song - Yale University
B. Srivastava - Purdue University West Lafayette
T. D. S. Stanislaus - Valparaiso University
M. Stefaniak - The Ohio State University
D. J. Stewart - Wayne State University
Y. Su - University of Science and Technology of China
M. Sumbera - Czech Academy of Sciences, Nuclear Physics Institute
C. Sun - State University of New York
X. Sun - Institute of Modern Physics
Y. Sun - University of Science and Technology of China
Y. Sun - University of Science and Technology of China
B. Surrow - Temple University
M. Svoboda - Czech Academy of Sciences, Nuclear Physics Institute
Z. W. Sweger - University of California System
A. C. Tamis - Yale University
A. H. Tang - Brookhaven National Laboratory
Z. Tang - University of Science and Technology of China
T. Tarnowsky - Michigan State University
J. H. Thomas - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
A. R. Timmins - University of Houston
D. Tlusty - Creighton University
T. Todoroki - University of Tsukuba
S. Trentalange - University of California, Los Angeles
P. Tribedy - Brookhaven National Laboratory
S. K. Tripathy - Warsaw University of Technology
T. Truhlar - Czech Technical University in Prague
B. A. Trzeciak - Czech Technical University in Prague
O. D. Tsai - University of California System
C. Y. Tsang - Brookhaven National Laboratory
Z. Tu - Brookhaven National Laboratory
J. Tyler - Texas A&M University
T. Ullrich - Brookhaven National Laboratory
D. G. Underwood - Valparaiso University
I. Upsal - University of Science and Technology of China
G. Van Buren - Brookhaven National Laboratory
J. Vanek - Brookhaven National Laboratory
I. Vassiliev - Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies
V. Verkest - Wayne State University
F. Videbæk - Brookhaven National Laboratory
S. A. Voloshin - Wayne State University
G. Wang - University of California System
J. S. Wang - Huzhou University
J. Wang - Huzhou University
K. Wang - University of Science and Technology of China
X. Wang - Shandong University
Y. Wang - Central China Normal University
Y. Wang - Central China Normal University
Y. Wang - Central China Normal University
Z. Wang - Shandong University
J. C. Webb - Brookhaven National Laboratory
P. C. Weidenkaff - Heidelberg University
G. D. Westfall - Michigan State University
D. Wielanek - Warsaw University of Technology
H. Wieman - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
G. Wilks - University of Illinois Chicago
S. W. Wissink - Indiana University
R. Witt - United States Naval Academy
J. Wu - Institute of Modern Physics
J. Wu - Institute of Modern Physics
X. Wu - University of California, Los Angeles
X. Wu - University of California, Los Angeles
B. Xi - Fudan University
Z. G. Xiao - Tsinghua University
G. Xie - University of Chinese Academy of Sciences
W. Xie - Purdue University West Lafayette
H. Xu - Huzhou University
N. Xu - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
Q. H. Xu - Shandong University
Y. Xu - Shandong University
Y. Xu - Shandong University
Z. Xu - Kent State University
Z. Xu - Kent State University
G. Yan - Shandong University
Z. Yan - State University of New York
C. Yang - Shandong University
Q. Yang - Shandong University
S. Yang - South China Normal University
Y. Yang - National Cheng Kung University
Z. Ye - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
Z. Ye - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
L. Yi - Shandong University
N. Yu - Shandong University
Y. Yu - Shandong University
H. Zbroszczyk - Warsaw University of Technology
W. Zha - University of Science and Technology of China
C. Zhang - University of Science and Technology of China
D. Zhang - South China Normal University
J. Zhang - Shandong University
S. Zhang - Chongqing University
W. Zhang - South China Normal University
X. Zhang - Chinese Academy of Sciences
Y. Zhang - State University of New York
Y. Zhang - State University of New York
Y. Zhang - State University of New York
Y. Zhang - State University of New York
Z. J. Zhang - University of Science and Technology of China
Z. Zhang - University of Science and Technology of China
Z. Zhang - University of Science and Technology of China
F. Zhao - Chinese Academy of Sciences
J. Zhao - Fudan University
M. Zhao - Fudan University
S. Zhou - Central China Normal University
Y. Zhou - Central China Normal University
X. Zhu - Tsinghua University
M. Zurek - Argonne National Laboratory
M. Zyzak - Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies
Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL), Upton, NY (United States)
Publication Details: Physical review. C, Vol.110(5)
Publisher: American Physical Society (APS)
Identifiers: 991006249579202656
Academic Unit: Physics
Language: English
Resource Type: Journal article