Abstract
Each of the 3 approaches in the title is useful, but they can be fruitfully complementary. The process of instit'ization links them theoretically, according to the model developed here. It assumes both instit'ized & non-instit'ized soc behavior, & suggests how the latter leads to the former. Each actor is related to the polity through a ratio of his inputs to it & outputs from it. Ratios legitimated for the collectivity are not identical for all individuals. Those who contribute more than they receive should have their values & norms accepted by those whose ratio is the opposite. A simple series of equations relates these phenomena to the probability of resource activation, & 6 propositions about conditions encouraging coalitions. These propositions are considered using evidence from a study of city pol in 51 US communities. Several principles concerning "minimal winning coalitions" follow. The response to Talcott Parsons' commentary "Commentary on Clark," Sociological Inquiry, 1972, 42, 3-4, 299-308 stresses the inadequacy of Parsons's instit'ization framework. It includes no dynamic element of the sort which is provided by the Instit'ization Theorem of the above article. AA.