Abstract
Optic neuritis (ON) is an inflammatory condition of the optic nerve. Based upon disease etiology, ON is broadly classified as typical or atypical. Typical ON is strongly associated with multiple sclerosis (MS), while atypical ON is unrelated to MS. The two types differ in etiology, pathophysiology, and treatment. Successful clinical management depends upon the correct differential diagnosis. Selected typical ON patients may benefit from short-term, high-dose corticosteroids. Disease-modifying drugs may prevent or delay progression to first occurrence or relapse of existing MS, as well as prevent another ON episode. Atypical ON may require both corticosteroids and long-term immunosuppressant therapy, depending on the etiology. Optic neuritis (ON) is an inflammatory condition that affects the optic nerves. Typical ON is associated with multiple sclerosis (MS), while atypical ON is a manifestation of other diseases or conditions. Although many cases of typical ON resolve with full restoration of vision, some cases may progress to MS, visual abnormality, and/or vision loss.1,2 The purpose of this review is to briefly present the current under-standing of ON and its clinical management.