Abstract
A frequent feature of violent riots and revolts, the Molotov cocktail has reappeared in reports of Ukraine’s preparations to resist the ongoing Russian invasion. Although undoubtedly symbolic of resolve to resist using all means available, whether Ukrainians’ use of Molotov cocktails violates the law of war presents a closer question. This post advises that while not unlawful per se, Ukrainian and Russian use of Molotov cocktails requires careful consideration of treaty-based limits.